Today, Jonathan and I visited an Eastern Catholic Church for the first time. We visited St John Chrysostom (Ruthenian) Byzantine Catholic Church in Columbus, Ohio. The image on the left is from the inside of the church, and the image on the right is of golden-mouthed preacher and doctor of the Church, St. John Chrysostom. I must admit I was a little nervous as I walked into the building. It is the first time in 6 years I have been in an Eastern Church, and the first time ever I have visited one in which I could commune.
The worship was other-worldly and appealed to every one of my senses. The entire Divine Liturgy, minus a few words, was completely sung. The place smelled of incense, and I was surrounded by many beautiful icons of Jesus, the theotokos (Mother of God), and the apostles and saints. We had an opportunity to kiss an icon as we entered and before receiving communion. Fr. Bacha gave an excellent homily, and at the end of the service welcomed those such as myself that were guests. Everybody was extremely friendly, and three people talked to my brother and me, welcoming us and inviting us back.
Having been raised in a western church, and recently converting to the Western Rite of the Catholic Church, I kept an eye out for East/West differences. Here are a few of the major differences:
1. There is no genuflecting, only bowing. This goes back to Eastern customs, where bowing shows deference, whereas traditionally in the West genuflection is the way to defer in respect.
2. Byzantine Catholics cross themselves right-to-left, and do so in the service much more frequently than we Westerners do in the Novus Ordo mass. Additionally, they cross themselves during the Gloria Patri, whereas western custom is to bow.
3. The Nicene creed is closer to the original Eastern version, and it lacks the filioque (and the Son) clause.
4. The communion bread is leavened, and is mingled with wine in a chalice and dropped into the mouth using a little spoon. Custom is to cross your arms (some dangle them down, the point being to not risk dropping the body and blood mixture), arch your back a little, and open your mouths (keeping your tongue inside!) as the priest drops in the body/blood mix.
5. This particular Divine Liturgy (the Eastern Eucharistic liturgy) was sung in English and Church Slavonic.
6. The language referring to the pope differs slightly. The pope is the "ecumenical pontiff, the bishop of Rome." His role as servant of servants is emphasized. Additionally, they pray for the patriarch of Constantinople, who as of now, is not in full communion with the Catholic Church.
Keep in mind that the differences between East and West that I have listed above can be chalked up
to differing customs, traditions, and ways of approaching the same
theological mysteries. Fortunately, the Church of Christ is above any culture, and can transform and find expression in all cultures. I highly recommend my readers visit an Eastern Catholic Church, to appreciate what we mean when we say "we believe in the one, holy, catholic, and apostolic Church."
Left Image: http://www.chrysostomstjohn.org/
Right image: http://www.unf.edu/classes/byzantium/